Listen to past interview podcasts of Michael and Marcy Reoch

21st Century Pain Solutions

”Massage Therapy as a treatment for Chronic Pain” with Michael Reoch, RMT

2020-11-22

"If (the patient) has persistent pain .... complex, I would work on creating a window of decreased pain where we can introduce some more movements/exercises and set some lifestyle goals. One of my main goals is to navigate the patient to a place where they can self manage." Want to know more how Michael treats his patients? Listen to this episode.

Massage Therapy Now Episode 17 - DermoNeuroModulation with Mike Reoch

2020-01-21

If you've not much idea what DermoNeuroModulation is as a model within which to approach Manual Therapy, in this podcast Mike and I break down the DNM model. Along the way, we explore a few other ideas that have influenced his own learning as a Registered Massage Therapist and how he uses these to put together the various seminars he teaches.

Massage Therapy Now Episode 6 - Marcy and Mike Reoch

2018-11-05

Marcy and Mike Reoch run their own Registered Massage Therapy Clinic in Ladner, BC.  In this episode, we talk about the benefits and challenges of being a couple running a business together, how family values influence their business

People Pain & Practice 24 Jun 2019

#5 - Mike Reoch - Dealing With Burnout, Foundational Knowledge and Neurocentric Massage Therapy

Play • 43 min

This conversation with Mike Reoch was an absolute pleasure. It was a breeze chatting with him and we could've gone on for hours. We talked about handling mental burnout in the profession, making sure you have your physiology down and approaching Massage Therapy from a neurocentric lens. There are plenty of gems to take away from this episode and I hope you all learn as much as I did! 

Michael Reoch's course schedule for 2022

Hopefully, this year, travel will open up. Below is the current schedule of continuing education courses offered by Michael Reoch. Please follow the links below for more information.

DNM in the Birmingham UK March 12-14 2022

Movement Therapy

book here

DNM in Devon, UK March at Barefoot Physio 19-21 2022

Barefoot Physio

book here

DNM with Michael Reoch, RMT
Hosted by the MTAS

DNM in South Surrey, May 28, 29 2022

COVID-19 CLOSURES

To our patient community, 

We would like to thank you for choosing Marcy and Mike at Well+Able as your RMTs and we remain committed to ensuring that we continue to keep all of you front of mind in our decisions. Because of the unprecedented and unforeseeable COVID-19 global pandemic that is putting you, your loved ones, and our own health at risk, we are unable to provide our role in your care and maintain social distance. It is for this reason that we have no choice but to close our clinic effective at 9 pm Thursday, March 19 until we are legislated to go back to work. We do not take this situation lightly as we understand the impact that this can have on your healthcare. Please email us directly at michael@wellandable.ca or marcy.reoch@gmail.com if you have any comments or questions about future appointments. 

If you would like to help support us through this difficult time please click HERE or on the gift certificate banner and buy an RMT treatment for yourself or your loved one.

Thank you for your understanding as we come together as a  community to fight this virus pandemic.

Yours in health,

Marcy Reoch, RMT and Mike Reoch, RMT at Well+Able

Price Changes for 2019

Please be aware that the prices for RMT services starting January 15, 2019 will be changed to reflect our increased expenses and comply with our RMT fee schedule. Thank you for your understanding.

‣ 20 minutes massage Therapy $45.00 ‣ 30 minutes Massage Therapy $70.00 ‣ 45 minutes Massage Therapy $100.00 ‣ 60 minutes Massage Therapy $120.00 ‣ 90 minutes Massage Therapy $190.00 ‣ 120 minutes Massage Therapy $190.00

What to expect with your first Massage Therapy visit

A short video by the RMTBC on what to expect from a Massage Therapy visit with an RMT

What to expect from your RMT during your Massage Therapy visit

What is the single best thing we can do for our health?

walking has huge benefits for health. If you can manage to walk for 30 minutes a day not only will your chances of a longer and healthier life improve but you will also have less neck, shoulder and back pain. 

Please watch this short video by Dr. Mike Evans explaining how simply going for a walk is one of the best things you can do your your health

Are Tension-Type Headaches Treated by Massage Therapists?

Tension-Type Headaches: what can you expect?

 

According to the International Association of the Study of Pain (IASP), Tension type headaches (TTH) are:

“headache attacks with mild to moderate pain intensity and is often described as having a pressing or tightening (non-pulsating) quality that is not aggravated by routine physical activity, such as walking or climbing stairs. The pain lasts for at least several hours to days and is predominantly felt bilaterally.”

 TTH originates from a combination of tissue sensitivities in the head and neck as well as how the nervous system interprets the signals from those tissues.  Development from episodic to chronic TTH is thought to be accompanied by increasing Central Nervous System sensitivity to the tissue signals like a car alarm that is triggered by a loud truck. Diagnosis of TTH is based on a “featureless” headache and normally results in a neurological examination. Most commonly found are tender spots around the head and neck. Additional diagnostic workup by your doctor is important if you have additional symptoms other than headache.  Chronic TTH is often associated with medication overuse.

Tension-type headache is the most common form of headache. It can be categorized into three subtypes according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders based on headache frequency:

(1) infrequent episodic TTH (<12 headache days/year), (2) frequent episodic TTH (12-180 days/year), and (3) chronic TTH (>180 days/year)

(2) frequent episodic TTH (12-180 days/year)

(3) chronic TTH (>180 days/year).

 Stress seems to play a big role in Tension Headaches. Managing that stress can be beneficial in reducing frequency and duration of these headaches.

According to the International Association of the Study ofPain:

 The lifetime prevalence of episodic TTH is almost 80%, and that of chronic TTH is 3%. Women are slightly more affected than men. The age of onset peaks between 35 and 40 years, and prevalence declines with age in both sexes

o   Headaches are the most prevalent neurological disorders and among the most frequent symptoms seen in general practice.

o   50% of the general population have headaches during any given year, and more than 90% report a lifetime history of headache.

o   The average lifetime prevalence of migraine is 18%, and the estimated average prevalence in the past year is 13%.

o    The prevalence of migraine in children and adolescents is 7.7%.

o   Tension-type headache is more common than migraine, with a lifetime prevalence of about 52%. However, only frequent or chronic tension-type headaches are disabling.

o   3% of the general population have chronic headache, i.e., a headache ≥15 days per month. They are the most severely disabled.

Clinically, this is the most easily and effective type of headache for an RMT to treat. In our experience, after an initial assessment and treatment, future treatments usually should be around 30 minutes 1-3x a week with a follow up in 1-2 weeks depending on severity and chronicity. After your first visit the normal course is of at least a 50-80% resolution of head pain around 30 minutes after the massage treatment. This relief should last from 3 days to 2 weeks and will increase with future treatment.

Make sure to ask for some home care such as exercises and or movements which will depend on the tissues and structures that are sensitized then work together with your Massage Therapist to create a plan of action that is effective and obtainable.

Our Aging Population: Mobility, Wellness and Independence

What a Great Weekend!

We are always looking at increasing our skills and knowledge to better serve our patients. On May 5th, Marcy and Mike attended the sold-out RMTBC symposium: Our Aging Population: Mobility, Wellness and Independence. 

Registration at the beautiful Anvil Centre in New West

After a rousing First Nations welcome by Coastal Wolfpack, Isobel Mackenzie, B.C. Seniors Advocate started off the day with a fascinating, in depth look at the demographics and conditions of todays' seniors population. Her talk was a great start to the days theme that Massage Therapy can play a key role in keeping mobility and wellness in seniors thus helping you keep your independence as you age. 

The first keynote address was Dr. Lorimer Moseley, one of the most respected pain researchers in the study of pain. Dr. Moseley is a fantastic presenter. He has been a strong promoter in giving people with persistent pain more tools to manage their pain.  

 The second Keynote was with Dr. Karim Khan who is a MD at UBC as well as the editor of the British Journal of Sports Medicine. He gave a great talk on how diet and exercise is very strong medicine in preventing illness. The day ended with an esteemed panel of Andrew Nemeth, Yvonne Poulin and Dr. John Sloan who provided tremendous information on their work with seniors.

simple lifestyle modulators: diet, exercise, avoidance of smoking and excess alcohol, together with moderate physical activity reduce colorectal cancer by 50%

- Karim Kahn

From left: Gordon MacDonald, Peter Behr RMT, Yvonne Poulin RMT, Dr. John Sloan,
Andrew Nemeth RMT.

Mike catching up with colleagues

We had a fun and informative Saturday! Thanks to the RMTBC who always put on a world class symposium every year. Also, I would like to thank them for some of the photos and content of this post. 

Donations to Canada Red Cross

Help those people affected by the recent Fires in BC

Friday, July 28, 2017 all Massage Therapy treatments will be by donation only. All proceeds collected will be donated to the Red Cross Canada for the BC fire appeal.

Also for the rest of July, all evacuees and First Responders affected by the fires can ask for treatment without charge. 
Just our way of helping out those in need.

Holidays Can Be A Pain in the Neck

By: Dr. Sereena Uppal

Holidays can be a pain in the neck if you relax too much.  BC’s Chiropractic Doctors offer a few suggestions for holidays.”  It is common for many people to visit their chiropractor and massage therapists following the holidays with physical complaints that are related to doing too little or too much over the holidays. 

According to the BC Chiropractic Association, here are some back health tips on holiday to make your time off more enjoyable and pain free:

• If you have to drive more than two hours to visit friends and relatives, take a break; get out of your vehicle and stretch. This temporarily restores normal posture, which will help prevent a recurrence of neck or low back conditions.
• When loading your vehicle for the trip, organize your luggage and packages into smaller loads, as opposed to one large suitcase, cardboard box or carrying case.
• Wear your seatbelt. Adjust vehicle headrests so that they are no more than two inches behind the centre of the back of the head. Many of the estimated 20 million car accident victims suffering whiplash injuries in North America could have prevented much of the injury had their vehicle seat headrests been adjusted properly.
• It’s OK to be a couch potato this weekend, but don’t slouch on the sofa and don’t fall asleep on the recliner, as two or three vertebrae in the spine can assume a sharp angle. When you sit up, the normal movement isn’t restored. “We often see people walking into our offices with their heads sideways, because by slouching, the position of the joints irritates the nerves and blood vessels, causing muscle spasm,” says Dr. Nixdorf.
• Avoid bending directly over the oven door to lift out the turkey. Crouch down, pull out the oven shelf, and use your legs for better balance. Avoid putting all the leverage on the lower spine. This helps reduce the sharp leverage on the lower spine.

Shanghai Cold Noodle Salad

Courtesy of: 
Tara Binder from WHAT the HECK do I Eat NOW?

Ingredients:
1 lb thick Chinese wheat noodles (or Japanese style Udon)
1/4 cup ketchup
3 1/2 tbsp sesame oil
3 1/2 tbsp soy sauce
2 tbsp brown sugar
2 tsp salt
1 1/2 tsp lime juice
1/4 cup chopped green onion
2 carrots peeled and shredded
1 small zucchini cut into matchsticks
1 red pepper cut into matchsticks
1 tbsp toasted sesame seeds
1 tsp crushed red pepper flakes

Instructions:

Boil the noodles as per package direction.
When done, immediately drain and rinse well with cold water to chill. 
In a large bowl, whisk together ketchup, sesame oil, soy sauce, brown sugar, salt, and lime juice until the brown sugar has dissolved. 
Add green onion, carrot, red pepper, zucchini, sesame seeds and red pepper flakes and stir well to coat. 
Add noodles and toss gently.
Chill at least 2 hours before serving. 

To check out more recipes from WHAT the HECK do I eat NOW, click her website: www.whattheheckdoieatnow.com

Trouble in the Garden

By: Marcy Wright Reoch, BSc, RMT

Have you been out in the garden as much as I have? I am loving the sunshine and getting my vegetable raised beds along with my flower beds back into summer shape. I love this time a year it's so exciting but each night as the sun is setting I find myself hobbling into the house.
If you are like me, I tend to over do it a little because I want to get as much done because we never know when the next nice day might be. I forget that shoveling dirt, lifting heavy planters, bending over to pull weeds and lugging heavy yard waste to the curb can be very taxing on the body. So it is no wonder that my low back is killing me by the end of the day.
Things to try and remember while out digging around:
Make sure you are lifting with your legs and engaging through your abdominial muscles when you pick up those dirt and plant filled clay pots. This will help support and protect your low back from injury.
Instead of bending at the hips to pull weeds, try and get down on your knees closer to the dirt. (If kneeling hurts, you can buy a foam pad to kneel on or a little stool to sit on).
If you are dragging heavy bags full of sod, grass clippings, etc., try and make sure you are walking backwards and not twisting through your trunk which will put alot of stress through your low back. Also, just as you do for lifting, make sure you are using your legs and engaging through your core muscles.
If you are still hobbling in the house after trying out these suggestions, try jumping in a nice hot shower and having the hot water run over your low back for a few minutes or getting in the bath. The hot water will help sooth any cranky muscles as well as help prevent as much soreness the following day. After the shower/bath try these couple exercises:
Cat and Cow (Yoga pose) - Do 5 of each slowly focusing on moving your spine.
Hip Flexor stretch - Hold for 60 - 90 seconds on each side.

Benefits of Magnesium

By: Alexandria McQueen

Aches and pains affect us all.  We know that trauma and poor posture can create issues, but did you know that your diet plays a large role as well?  Muscle spasms or tremors can usually be managed by paying attention to what you eat.  Eating foods rich in minerals is important for proper muscle health and function.  Magnesium, the mineral responsible for muscle relaxation, is a key part of staying pain-free.  Magnesium is found in most vegetables (mostly leafy greens,) dark chocolate, fish, nuts and seeds but is very lacking in most anything processed.  Unless our diets are full of fresh, we usually aren't getting enough.  This mineral is also easily depleted in our bodies: any time you drink coffee, alcohol -or even excessive water- magnesium is flushed from your system.  When we're under stress our body uses up magnesium very quickly. 
So how do you know if you need it more magnesium?  Aside from neck, shoulder and back pain, symptoms of magnesium deficiency also present as an irregular heartbeat, constipation, muscle weakness, and cravings for chocolate.  If you're looking to take a magnesium supplement find one that is paired with calcium and vitamin D to help with assimilation into your body.
Simply magnesium can be important, but above all, remember to find balance in your life.  Balance with the foods you eat, the things you do and the thoughts you have.
 
Stretch daily.  Inhale deeply.  Enjoy the moment.

-Regular Mama
Alexandria McQueen is a local nutritionist, yoga instructor and mother of 2.

Website: http://regularmama.wordpress.com/

Email: regular.mama@gmail.com

Spaghetti Squash and Meatballs

Recipe courtesy of Alexandria McQueen

Ingredients:

1 medium spaghetti squash (about 2lbs)
2 tbsp olive oil
1/2 tsp salt
1 celery stalk
1 carrot
1 small yellow onion
4 cloves garlic
1/4 cup parsley
1 tsp Italian seasoning
1 lbs ground beef or turkey
1 egg, whisked
1 cup grated Parmesan
1 jar strained tomatoes
1 large can diced tomatoes
2 tsp dried basil
1 tsp oregano
pinch cinnamon
2 tbsp Parmesan cheese

Instructions:

Preheat oven to 400F.
Cut squash in half, lengthwise, scoop out seeds and soft flesh. Brush with olive oil and sprinkle with salt. Place on a baking sheet and cook in oven for 30 minutes. Done when fork pierces flesh without too much resistance.
While squash is cooking, roughly chop the celery, carrot, onion and garlic. Place them in a food processor along with the parsley and Italian seasoning. Blend until it's a rough paste. Reserve 1/3 of the mixture for meatballs. Take remaining 2/3 and place in a large pot with 1 tbsp olive oil. Over medium heat, cook for 5 minutes. Add strained and diced tomatoes, basil, oregano, and a pinch of cinnamon. Continue to cook over low-med heat.
To make meatballs, put the reserved vegetable paste, meat, whisked egg, oats, Parmesan into bowl. Mix with hands until just combined. If mixture is too wet, add more oats. Roll into 12 -16 balls (depends on how large you like). Place meatballs on baking pan and put in oven for 10 minutes, or until slightly firm. After 10 minutes, remove meatballs from oven and place in sauce. Simmer for another 30 minutes or until meatballs reach internal temperature of 160F.
When squash has finished cooking, remove from oven and let cool for 5-10 minutes. Once cooled, use a fork to scrape out the strings of squash. The more you pull them apart, the fluffier the 'noodles' will seem. Toss with 2 tbsp of Parmesan cheese.
Plate large scoop of squash and place sauce and meatballs on top. Sprinkle with more cheese if you like.

Simple Changes Can Help Shoulder Pain

By Marcy Wright Reoch, BSc, RMT

Since the beginning of 2014 I have seen more shoulder related patients than I can count. Some patients presenting with pain between their shoulder blades and others with pain over the Deltoid muscle (side or front aspect of shoulder) and sometimes the pain can travel down the arm. Whatever the aggravating case, the shoulder complex always seems to be in a compromised position.
The shoulder joint is actually made up of four joints that together are called the shoulder complex. These joints are the sternum (chest bone) and clavicle (collar bone), clavicle and scapula (shoulder blade), scapula on the ribs, and the humerus (upper arm) in the scapula.  Don’t get bogged down in the anatomy, just remember to try and keep your shoulder comfortable and open. Try keeping your chest open during your everyday life whether we are sitting at a desk, driving in our car, working out at the gym, or playing with our children. Think of what a confident persons posture looks like. By practicing to open through our chest we discourage the rounding through our shoulders and collapsing of our chest. By keeping our chest open we are pulling our scapulaes together and down our back, we are depressing our clavicles so they are horizontal when looking in the mirror, instead of being diagonal and we are positioning the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) in it’s neutral resting point in our arm pit.
When we practice poor postural habits, the alignment of our shoulder girdle is inefficient, unsupported and allows risk for injury. Muscles might be working too hard and symptoms of pain, inflammation, weakness, headache, and others may arise. Practicing good postural habits through our shoulders, chest and upper back we allow the soft tissue to rest comfortably when we ourselves are at rest. Then, when we choose to move, the musculature is in it’s most efficient, supported and strongest positioning through the range of motion.
A great way to set your shoulders into a good position is to stand up tall and engage through your abdomen. Now, squeeze the muscles between your scapula (shoulder blades), which will pull your scapula closer together and then pull them down your back. Once you have done this, acknowledge where your head is. Most peoples heads will be too far forward and will need to be pull back into proper alignment. So, think of a string pulling the top of your head upwards. This will elongate your neck and retract your chin from jutting forward.
It is important once you have an understanding of good shoulder positioning, to check in with yourself throughout the day. If you sit at a desk, you can put a red sticky dot on the monitor that will remind you to re-evaluate your posture every time you look at the dot. If you are driving in your car, place the seat in an upright position. The biofeedback from the seat on your shoulder blades and back of head will help you recognize poor posture and allow you to re-correct it. When at the gym, it is important to always set your shoulders into good alignment before entering a new set of your workout. This will help prevent injury by supporting the joint and allowing the muscles to work as efficiently in order to gain strength and endurance as quickly as possible.

Click here for : Body Awareness - Shoulder Positioning Video

The Importance of 'Aging in Place'

By: Rhonda Doram, HoneyDo Lifestyle Assistant

One of the most prevalent topics seniors face these days is the idea of ‘Aging in Place’.  While resources struggle to keep up, local facilities close, and the aging population grows, there’s a visible shift to try to keep our elders at home longer instead of moving into care too soon. New provincial pilot programs such as “Better at Home” advocate this very model. While each situation is unique, there are many benefits to managing in your family home if you are safely able to do so.

Staying in your own home allows you to continue with your own routine that works best for you, even if that may mean asking for some help. Whether that’s 5am walks, or family dinners on Sundays, these traditions help combat loneliness & depression, while keeping focused on staying busy and positive. 

Statistics support that when returning home to recuperate, rather than in hospital, many 
patients do so at a faster, more successful rate. You’re more comfortable surrounded by your own things at home, promoting quicker healing, better sleep and greater security. With home support options available, it is completely possible to receive medical and daily living needs as an out-patient.

Perhaps even more importantly, staying in and being active in your community brings along a connection to the people around you. Having ties to your neighbours, recreation & church groups, local resources, and especially your family, encourages vitality, purpose and meaning. Staying involved has a profoundly positive affect on your daily outlook and ability to cope through a network of support. 

Investing in your lifestyle with moderate assistance allows you to maintain a focus on what you are able to do. By building on your abilities, it is possible to safely maintain your lifestyle, at your pace, at home. Safe ‘Aging in Place’ can be paramount to sustaining a healthy lifestyle for the elders in our community. 

HoneyDo Lifestyle Assistant has been providing “Grandma Approved” senior assistance in South Delta for over 5 years and was Voted #1 for Customer Service in 2013. Their unique, client-directed services allow seniors to remain independent and vitally connected within their community. 

Get a Grip on Osteoarthritis

By: Michael Reoch, RMT

The online medical dictionary defines Osteoarthritis (OA) or degenerative joint disease (DJD), as a progressive disorder of the joints caused by gradual loss of cartilage and resulting in the development of bony spurs and cysts at the margins of the joints. The name osteoarthritis comes from three Greek words meaning bone, joint, and inflammation(1)

The common perception is that OA is caused by wear and tear of the cartilage in the joint. Eventually this cartilage is worn down and we get a “bone on bone” situation that we are told is very painful (2). Now, there are new ideas emerging on what helps to cause OA and what its relationship is to painful experiences (3).
Instead of looking at OA as your cause of chronic pain, it may be that it is the chronic pain that comes first(4)(3). Lets say you get a RSI (repetitive strain injury) from doing a task without rest, such as using a mouse too often (5)(6). This injury will cause long-term inflammation chemicals such as a group called cytokines to hang out in the area where pain is felt. Over time these inflammation chemicals may cause the tissues in the area to degenerate or break down(7)(8). This is first felt as achiness accompanied with stiffness in movement, usually after waking up in the morning(2). Over time the OA has a central nervous system component(3). What that means is the brain and spinal chord play a major role in the pain you feel. There is an increase in cytokines in the spinal chord, which start to inhibit our natural pain dampening ability(7)(9). Also, some brain regions may have glitches in processing the signals between it and the painful joint(10). Studies show people with OA are more likely to feel pain with less provocation not just in the involved joint(s) but in areas away from the joint(s)(11)(3). There are also studies coming out that are showing that joint surgery for knee arthritis is no better than placebo surgery(12)!

The take home message is that joint damage is a poor indicator for how much pain you actually feel.

If you feel pain in an area from doing repetitive tasks you should make an effort to permanently decrease that pain: Ask your RMT for help. If you already have bony changes from OA seeing a RMT should be part of your pain management program. This program should involve tweaks to make you activities easier, exercises and massage therapy as well as any medications your doctor may prescribe. To better understand this new way of viewing OA you can watch this video or this interesting one that uses mirrors and video tricks to decrease OA pain!

Bibliography:

1.             osteoarthritis - definition of osteoarthritis in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. [Internet]. [cited 2014 Mar 4]. Available from: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/osteoarthritis

2.             Osteoarthritis Symptoms and Causes | Information about Osteoarthritis Diagnosis [Internet]. [cited 2014 Mar 4]. Available from: http://www.arthritis.com/osteoarthritis_symptoms

3.             Lee AS, Ellman MB, Yan D, Kroin JS, Cole BJ, van Wijnen AJ, et al. A current review of molecular mechanisms regarding osteoarthritis and pain. Gene [Internet]. 2013 Sep 25 [cited 2014 Jan 21];527(2):440–7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23830938

4.             Brandt KD, Radin EL, Dieppe PA, van de Putte L. Yet more evidence that osteoarthritis is not a cartilage disease. Ann Rheum Dis [Internet]. 2006 Oct 1 [cited 2014 Jan 21];65(10):1261–4. Available from: http://ard.bmj.com/content/65/10/1261.full

5.             Van Tulder M, Malmivaara A, Koes B. Repetitive strain injury. Lancet [Internet]. 2007 May 26 [cited 2014 Mar 4];369(9575):1815–22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17531890

6.             Ratzlaff CR, Gillies JH, Koehoorn MW. Work-related repetitive strain injury and leisure-time physical activity. Arthritis Rheum [Internet]. 2007 Apr 15 [cited 2014 Feb 27];57(3):495–500. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17394178

7.             Fernandes JC, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier J-P. The role of cytokines in osteoarthritis pathophysiology. Biorheology [Internet]. 2002 Jan [cited 2014 Feb 22];39(1-2):237–46. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12082286

8.             Al-Shatti T, Barr AE, Safadi FF, Amin M, Barbe MF. Increase in inflammatory cytokines in median nerves in a rat model of repetitive motion injury. J Neuroimmunol [Internet]. 2005 Oct [cited 2014 Mar 4];167(1-2):13–22. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165572805002365

9.             Elliott MB, Barr AE, Kietrys DM, Al-Shatti T, Amin M, Barbe MF. Peripheral neuritis and increased spinal cord neurochemicals are induced in a model of repetitive motion injury with low force and repetition exposure. Brain Res [Internet]. 2008;1218:103–13. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2553006&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

10.             Nijs J, Van Houdenhove B. From acute musculoskeletal pain to chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: application of pain neurophysiology in manual therapy practice. Man Ther [Internet]. 2009 Feb [cited 2012 Aug 3];14(1):3–12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511329

11. <span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Full Text: Recent Approaches to Understanding Osteoarthritis Pain [Internet]. [cited 2014 Mar 4]. Available from: https://jrheum.com/subscribers/04/70/54.html

12.            Moseley JB, Wray NP, Kuykendall D, Willis K, Landon G. Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial: Results of a Pilot Study. Am J Sports Med [Internet]. 1996 Jan 1 [cited 2014 Mar 4];24(1):28–34. Available from: http://ajs.sagepub.com/content/24/1/28.short